1840
The population of Rock County was 1,701 (per the 1856 and 1908 histories).
The evidence
“```text Its population in 1840 was. 1,701; 1842, 2,867; 1846, 12,405; 1847, 14,720; 1850, 20,750; 1855,B4364. In 1850 it had 1,975 farms.”
1856-history-of-rock-county/03-rock-county.md, PDF p. 43 / book p. 25
Guernsey, Orrin, and Josiah F. Willard, editors. History of Rock County, and Transactions of the Rock County Agricultural Society and Mechanics' Institute. Janesville, Wis.: William M. Doty & Brother, 1856. Cornell University Library via the Internet Archive, archive.org/details/cu31924028871593.
Grade A: Found on a page of one of our sources
On the printed page (PDF p. 43 / book p. 25) · open the whole page “By the laws of AVisconsin the county government is vested in a board of supervisors, comprising one member from each township, one from each incorporated village and one from each ward of each city in the county and the board now numbers thirtynine. There are twenty townships, four incorporated cities and three incorporated villages, and present population is 53,641 ; in 1840 it was 1,701. This body has charge of all affairs pertaining to the county.”
1908-brown-rock-county/09-county-government.md, Vol. 1, PDF p. 254 / book p. 232
Brown, William Fiske, editor. Rock County, Wisconsin: A New History of Its Cities, Villages, Towns, Citizens and Varied Interests, from the Earliest Times, Up to Date. Chicago: C. F. Cooper & Co., 1908. 2 vols. archive.org/details/rockcountywiscon01brow, archive.org/details/rockcountywiscon02brow.
Grade A: Found on a page of one of our sources
On the printed page (Vol. 1, PDF p. 254 / book p. 232) · open the whole page